Jspl successfully completes basic oxygen furnace in odisha plant. The process uses as its major raw material, blast furnace iron, which will contain, to a. An introduction to the bof process bof basic oxygen furnaces or basic oxygen steelmaking contributes to the vast majority of world steel production. Data based modeling approach of iron and steelmaking. The measurement of oxygen concentrations in the furnace is essential in this process. The basic oxygen furnace bof is a refractorylined, tiltable converter into which a vertically movable, watercooled lance is inserted to blow oxygen through nozzles at. My original intent was to suggest the presence of a bof mill, not to build a faithful replication of a prototype i. Such furnaces may be topblown, bottom blown, or a combination of the two. Basic oxygen furnace bof the basic oxygen furnace is the process in which a mixture of scrap 25 to 30 percent and hot metal 75 to 70 percent from the blast furnace is exposed to oxygen blown at a high velocity into the bath.
According to united states geological survey usgs and world steel association, in 20, basic oxygen furnaces produced 40% of the total steel in the united states and 70% of the total steel worldwide world steel association, 2014. The process is known as basic due to the chemical nature of the refractoriescalcium oxide and magnesium oxidethat line the vessel to withstand the high. Scraps, direct reduced iron, pig iron, and additives are melted through highpower electric arcs formed between a cathode. A basic oxygen furnace is a reactor in which oxygen is blown through molten pig iron that is heated to approximately 1,600. Modern furnaces will take a charge of up to 350 tonnes and convert it into steel in less than 40 minutes. There are three main stages in the operation of the furnace. Pure oxygen is then blasted into the furnace at supersonic speeds via an oxygen lance that is lowered from the top. Blowing oxygen through molten pig iron lowers the carbon content of the alloy and changes it into lowcarbon steel.
Basic oxygen furnace based steelmaking processes and. The steel produced is chemically tested and may be further modified by the addition of alloys. The hot spot phenomenon in basic oxygen furnace bof process, a manufacturing process of steel and iron and the rate of oxidation of iron. Oxygen also combines with carbon, eliminating the impurities by gas collection. Basic oxygen furnaces efficient, reliable, highcapacity eaton hydraulic systems are rapidly replacing heavy, maintenance intensive electromechanical components around the world. A basic oxygen furnace bof is the machinery used for purification of pig iron by oxidizing impurities into slag and converting the rest into molten steel with an injection of oxygen.
Basic oxygen furnace for steel schematic which used after the blast furnace. Basic oxygen furnace kumas has detailed knowledge of the requirements of steelmaking industry. This is a recollection of how i kitbashed a basic oxygen furnace bof facility in ho scale back in 1997, starting with a pair of walthers electric furnace building kits and adding a large rectangular building in behind them. Measurement and monitoring of o2 concentrations in steel. The oxygen steelmaking process converts the molten iron from the blast furnace with up to 30% steel scrap into refined steel. As oxygen is injected into a basic oxygen furnace, carbon, silicon,manganese and iron are oxidized a more complete description of b. The basic oxygen furnace the basic oxygen steelmaking process is the uks major method for making steel. Argon oxygen decarburization furnace steel slag aod duration.
Or, we can supplement your existing supply with a bulk supply of liquid oxygen delivered by truck. Basic oxygen furnace based steelmaking processes and cleanliness control at baosteel l. Primary deoxidation of basic oxygen furnace steel by means. May 10, 2018 a basic oxygen furnace is a pearshaped structure with a closed bottom and an open top that works to process steel. Typical basic oxygen furnace has a vertical vessel lined with refractory lining. In this case, the converter gas, which is generated by oxygen blowing process, is cleaned.
In india and in most industrial countries, the use of bof slag as a road ballast and land filler has had a very long history. Basic oxygen furnace bof steel making or basic oxygen furnace steelmaking bos or linzdonawitzverfahren steelmaking or the oxygen converter process is a method in which both molten pig iron and steel scrap are converted into steel with the oxidizing action of. A basic oxygen furnace is a pearshaped structure with a closed bottom and an open top that works to process steel. Considering the priceperformance optimization, our refractory experts gives customized engineering, design and supervisory services to our customers. The resulting silica, iron oxide and maganese oxide react with fluxes charged into the vessel and the refractory lining of the furnace forming.
Dmitri kopeliovich basic oxygen furnace bof is a steel making furnace, in which molten pig iron and steel scrap convert into steel due to oxidizing action of oxygen blown into the melt under a basic slag the basic oxygen process basic oxygen furnace, basic oxygen steelmaking, basic oxygen converter is the most powerful and effective steel making method. In addition to the in addition to the measurement techniques available to actual processes, some measurement. In the electric arc furnace, steel is produced only through scrap fusion. Eafs range in capacity from a few tons to as many as 400 tons, and a steelmaking shop can have from one to five furnaces. We can help you optimize oxygen usage for your basic oxygen furnace operation and can provide you with the most economical mode of supply based on your consumption. Steel is then molded into sheets, blocks and other forms through continuous casting and hot rolling. The scheme of a basic oxygen furnace bof is presented in the picture. Bulk oxygen displacement on a basis of per mole of deoxidant added, carbon would remove more oxygen than what aluminium could do, due to the lower molecular mass fraction of oxygen in the reaction product carbon monoxide co, compared to that in alumina al2o3. Utilization of basic oxygen furnace bof slag in the. This is shown clearly in the accompanying diagrams.
There are six steps in the production of steel using the basic oxygen process. Thomas4 optical microscopy, total oxygen measurements and slime tests have been conducted to quantify. Steel slag, in particular, basic oxygen furnace slag bofsa byproduct in the steelmaking industryis an environmental challenge due both to the large volume of the material that is produced. However, along with the steel production, basic oxygen furnaces also. Basic oxygen steelmaking bos makes steel from blast furnace iron and up to 20% of scrap metal. The process is known as basic because fluxes of burnt lime or. The purpose of the basic oxygen steelmaking bos process is to refine the hot metal produced in the blast furnace into raw liquid steel, which may be subsequently refined in the secondary steelmaking shop. The process uses as its major raw material, blast furnace iron, which will contain, to a varying degree, the elements carbon, silicon. Soudobeam proposes a new generation of oxygen blowing nozzles for ld linzdonawitz converters, designed and produced to provide increased reliability and optimal metallurgic performance. Conclusions the paper researched the phenomenon of gaseous desiliconization in bof slagging by limestone.
After charging, the furnace is blown by blasting oxygen through a lance that is lowered into the molten metal. In brief, eafs can be either ac or dc powered and they melt steel by applying current to a steel scrap charge. Scrap steel could also be incorporated such as seen in an electric arc furnace. The main functions of the basic oxygen furnace bof are to decarburize and remove phosphorus from the hot metal, and to optimize the. The basic oxygen steel bos making process this can be described via the following steps.
The basic oxygen furnace bof is a refractorylined, tiltable converter into which a vertically movable, watercooled lance is inserted to blow oxygen through nozzles at supersonic velocity. Basic oxygen furnace bof steel making or basic oxygen furnace steelmaking bos or linzdonawitzverfahren steelmaking or the oxygen converter process is a method in which both molten pig iron and steel scrap are converted into steel with the oxidizing action of oxygen blown into the melt under a basic slag. Only 812% of the furnace volume is filled with the treated molten metal. Recycling of basic oxygen furnace steelmaking dust by in. The basic oxygen steelmaking bos process converts hot metal, from blast furnace, and scrap into steel by exothermic oxidation of metalloids dissolved in the iron. Iron contains impurities in the form of silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, and manganese. Basic oxygen furnace bof steelmaking plays a key role in steel production.
How steel is made using the basic oxygen steelmaking process. In a fuelfired furnace, the atmosphere is a mixture of gases and air. Our products are customdesigned and produced to meet the specific needs of each steelmaker. The vessels are lined with heat resistant refractory materials eg. History of steel processing materials education matedu. The process occurs in a furnace which is a specially designed steel vessel that may be rotated through 360 in a vertical plane. Basic oxygen steelmaking also known as linzdonawitzsteelmaking or the oxygen converter process is a method of primary steelmaking in which carbon rich. In the control and optimization of basic oxygen steelmaking, it is. Mar 07, 20 basic oxygen furnace for steel schematic which used after the blast furnace. As the basic oxygen furnace shell is exposed to severe hightemperature conditions during use, its material experiences gradual degradation leading to thermal deformation and cracking that. Fire refining in this process, oxygen or air is added to the impure liquid metal. The ratio between the height and diameter of the furnace is 1. The reaction in the blast furnace creates a molten metal known as hot metal. High purity oxygen is blown through the molten bath to lower carbon, silicon, manganese, and phosphorous content of the iron, while various fluxes are used to reduce the sulfur and phosphorous levels.
In a basic oxygen steelmaking converter, an oxygen jet of high velocity impinges on the surface of. Model development for refining rates in oxygen steelmaking. More than half the worlds steel is produced in the basic oxygen process bop, which uses pure oxygen to convert a charge of liquid blastfurnace iron and scrap into steel. Eaton engineers draw on the experience of industry leading names including hydrokraft, vickers, aeroquip, and waltersheid to create solutions that harness the. Oxygen can be supplied from a dedicated plant located at or near your facility. Mao et al investigation of gaseous desiliconization in basic oxygen furnace bof metalurgija 56 2017 12, 3739 moted through lowering the oxygen lances position, which will lead to lower mno % and a high hotspot temperature. Basic oxygen steelmaking bos, bop, bof, or osm, also known as linzdonawitzsteelmaking or the oxygen converter process is a method of primary steelmaking in which carbonrich molten pig iron is made into steel. Effects of ph on phosphorus removal capacities of basic. Dynamic modeling of the main blow in basic oxygen steelmaking. Hot metal is further processed in a basic oxygen furnace where pure oxygen is charged into the furnace to oxidize the impurities in the metal. Jan 19, 2008 model railroader is the worlds largest magazine on model trains and model railroad layouts. This being a low end use, a study was conducted to examine the possibility of converting the slag into a hydraulic binder.
Basic oxygen steelmaking bos is a primary steelmaking method in which the highcarbon molten pig iron is converted to steel. Basic oxygen furnace model railroader magazine model. Blowing oxygen through molten pig iron lowers the carbon content of the alloy and changes it into steel. You can see a diagram and photograph of each step by rolling over the highlighted word. During each stage of the process the furnace is turned in different directions. Model railroader is the worlds largest magazine on model trains and model railroad layouts. Basic oxygen steelmaking article about basic oxygen. Introduction the purpose of the basic oxygen steelmaking bos process is to refine the hot metal produced in the blast furnace into raw liquid steel, which may be subsequently refined in the secondary steelmaking shop. Basic oxygen furnace bof slag is a major waste product generated during the steelmaking process. Basic oxygen steelmaking is a method of primary steelmaking in which carbonrich molten pig iron is converted into steel. Air combines with gases released by the fuels combustion resulting in various proportions of carbon monoxide co, carbon dioxide co.
In an electric furnace, the atmosphere is either air or a controlled mixture of gases. Oxygen is blown into the furnace vessel through a watercooled oxygen lance oxidizing carbon and the other unwanted elements in the molten iron. Basic oxygen furnace bof is a steel making furnace, in which molten pig iron and steel scrap convert into steel due to oxidizing action of oxygen blown into the melt under a basic slag. Oct 20, 20 the basic oxygen furnace the basic oxygen steelmaking process is the uks major method for making steel. Blast furnace steelmaking uses iron ore, coke, and limestone in a blast furnace heated from the bottom with oxygen and air. The pig iron is conveyed to the reduction oven or as we can also name it the basic oxygen furnace where pure oxygen is injected to reduce pig iron in steel. Topic welding industry metallurgy basic oxygen steelmaking.
Energy and exergy analysis of a basic oxygen furnace. Basic oxygen furnace an overview sciencedirect topics. The hot spot phenomenon in basic oxygen furnace bof process, a manufacturing process of steel and iron and the rate of oxidation of iron at high spots were analyzed. For the first time in india, jspl has deployed the innovative dry gas cleaning system, which is superior in terms of environmentfriendliness as compared to the wet gas cleaning plant. The basic oxygen furnace bof is a refractorylined, tiltable converter into which a vertically movable, watercooled lance is inserted to blow oxygen through nozzles at metallurgy. It is also known as the linzdonawitz steelmaking process or the oxygen conversion process. An analysis of hot spot phenomenon in bof process request pdf. Commonly known as bof, this type of furnace relies on pure oxygen, rather than air, to convert iron into steel. Ho scale basic oxygen furnacebof completed model photos. Basic oxygen furnace lances definition of critical service the steelmaking industry has been a staple of the american economy for generations, and paramount in its role is the development and industrialization of our nation. Primary deoxidation of basic oxygen furnace steel by.
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