The rigidity of the levitation is at least in part achieved by the orientation of the axis through the poles of the magnet in a direction. Modeling and fabrication of chipbased superconducting traps for levitation of micrometersized superconducting particles. The multigrain bulks increase the averaged trapped magnetic. There are two types of monorail system and they are straddle type and suspended type. However, how energy is coupled into these channels is debated, and especially, the relevance of electronic dissipation remains elusive. Their levitation responses over two different permanent magnet pm guideways were investigated by experiment and finite element simulation. A transportation system with highefficiency and largecapacity utilizing potential energy.
The present invention provides an improved magnetic levitation system for the stable or rigid levitation of a body. The world largest research and test facility for transport systems using bulk hightemperature superconducting material in the levitation and guidance system, in combination with a permanent magnet track, was put into operation. A transportation vehicle travels at a high speed by potential energy by a level difference on a magnetic levitation guide disposed in a vacuum transportation passage to transport transportation cargoes to a destination location. This results in a strong levitation force when the bulk is close to an ordinary permanent magnet, and at 77 k this force usually. The superconducting gravimeter is a spring type gravimeter in which the mechanical spring is replaced by a magnetic levitation of a superconducting sphere in the field of superconducting, persistent current coils. Interaction of ferromagnetic and superconducting permanent. Design and superconducting levitation design and superconducting levitation 20141001 00. A novel superconducting magnetic levitation method to. Superconductivity is a unique and powerful phenomenon of nature.
Levitation the passing of the superconducting magnets through levitation coils on the side of the track induces a current in the coils and creates a magnetic field. The german physicists walther meissner and robert ochsenfeld discovered this phenomenon in 1933 by measuring the magnetic field distribution outside superconducting tin and. An excitation coil surrounds each pole and is positioned in the gaps on each side of the pole. In sliding friction, different energy dissipation channels have been proposed, including phonon and electron systems, plastic deformation, and crack formation. This wideranging presentation of applied superconductivity, from fundamentals and materials right up to the details of many applications, is an essential reference for physicists and engineers in academic research as well as in industry. The modeling allows us to simulate superconducting objects with arbitrary geometry subject to arbitrary magnetic field distributions and. Homological electromagnetism and electromagnetic demonstrations on the existence of superconducting effects necessaries to magnetic levitationsuspension. Electromagnetic force test vehicle levitation force superconducting magnet. Railway technology today 12 edited by kanji wako magnetic levitation maglev technologies the tokaido shinkansen began operations in 1964 and was an immediate success. The transportation vehicle is levitated on the magnetic levitation guide. They have enormous potential and can be used in various applications in process industries, pumps blowers etc. Csdk2 demonstration of strong levitation magnetic bearing flywheel easy handling superconducting magnetic top of 0. Experiment and simulation of superconducting magnetic.
Nearly a century after its first discovery, its full commercial potential is. Design and superconducting levitation, leonardo 10. Here, we present friction experiments of a singleasperity sliding on a high t c superconductor. A novel use of high temperature superconducting hts electromagnets for human sized microgravity research and mitigation is outlined. The levitation mechanism of superconducting maglev is different from those of superconductor pellet.
The physics of superconducting levitation springerlink. Applications to bearing and magnetic transportation ebook. Us5479145a superconducting electromagnet for levitation. They must be cooled to cryogenic temperatures during operation.
A superconducting electromagnet for levitation and propulsion of a maglev vehicle running against a rail has a magnetic core having a number of salient poles extending from a surface thereof, thereby forming gaps between adjacent ones of the poles, and facing and in operative proximity with the rail. Design and superconducting levitation leonardo mit. The answer to this transportation problem lies in the world of electro magnetism and superconducting magnets. Recent advances in hts technology have resulted in electromagnets that potentially could levitate large diamagnetic targets, such as human organs, for additive manufacturing or entire humans for microgravity training. A superconducting levitation vehicle prototype sciencedirect. It employs diamagnetism, which is an intrinsic property of many materials referring to their. Pdf download concise encyclopedia of magnetic superconducting materials advances in materials pdf online. Superconductivity is widely regarded as one of the great scientific discoveries of the 20th century. Superconducting levitati0n applications to bearings and. Experience on a cryogenic linear mechanism based on. Modeling and fabrication of chipbased superconducting. In its superconducting state the wire has no electrical resistance and therefore can conduct much larger electric. T railway technology today 12 edited by kanji wako.
The levitation force of superconductors can also be understood in terms of a combination of electromagnetic induction and lenzs law. Maglev trains have to perform the following functions to operate in high speeds 1. This paper covers developments in both basic and applied research, discusses. The authors begin this book with a systematic overview of superconductivity, superconducting materials, magnetic levitation, and superconducting magnetic levitation the prerequisites to understand the latter part of the book that forms a solid foundation for further study in high temperature superconducting magnetic levitation hts maglev. Moon is the author of chaotic and fractal dynamics and superconducting bearings and levitation, and editor of dynamics and chaos in manufacturing processes. This paper presents a small scale maglev vehicle prototype which is under development at ufrj. Superconducting magnet for magnetically levitated vehicle. High temperature superconducting magnetic levitation pdf. Magnetic levitation is a way of using electromagnetic fields to levitate objects without any noise. The object to be levitated is maintained in an equilibrium position above a flat guideway or a plurality of continuous guideways.
Superconducting levitation analysis of a flywheel system. Stable levitation has been demonstrated for diamagnetic objects such as superconducting pellets and live creatures 2, 5,6,7. Superconductors are the material having almost zero resistivity and behave as diamagnetic below the superconducting transiting temperature superconductivity is the flow of electric current without resistance in certain metals, alloys, and ceramics at temperatures near absolute zero, and in some cases at temperatures hundreds of degrees. View enhanced pdf access article on wiley online library html view download pdf for offline viewing. A superconducting magnet is an electromagnet made from coils of superconducting wire. Superconducting levitation transport systems might become very attractive in the near future due to various reasons. Three superconducting stacks made of 120 rebco coated conductor tapes were each fabricated and assembled to obtain several rebco modules. Superconducting motors based on high temperature superconductors are much more efficient than conventional electric motors and can be made smaller, lighter and more economically. Superconducting levitation murakami major reference.
Magnetic levitation principles introduction magnetic fields are used to describe forces at a distance from electric currents. The object is to utilize the perfect stability of supercurrents to create a perfectly stable spring. When specific metals are cooled to a very low temperature typically colder than about. Status of development and running tests on japans superconducting maglev free download in 2005 the central japan railway company introducted new technological breakthroughs that will enhance revenue service on its superconducting magnetic levitation maglev system. Peizen chang is a professor at national taiwan universitys institute of applied mechanics.
Electrodynamic suspension technology is used for maglev levitation, where. Readers looking for a comprehensive overview on basic effects related to superconductivity and superconducting materials will expand their knowledge and. Superconductor bearings, flywheels and transportation. A superconducting levitation transport model system for. Accueil pdf superconducting levitati0n applications to. Electromagnets and superconducting magnets have allowed us to create a magnetic levitation train nicknamed maglev that floats on the track instead of being directly on it. The magnetic levitation is designed to provide independent adjustment of the. The meissner effect or meissnerochsenfeld effect is the expulsion of a magnetic field from a superconductor during its transition to the superconducting state when it is cooled below the critical temperature.
Chang holds a phd in theoretical and applied mechanics from cornell university. Magnetic levitation maglev requires electromagnetic current to generate magnetic field. Since then, japans shinkansen network has expanded considerably, and its success has prompted rapid development of highspeed railways in other countries. Simple magnetic levitation train seminar reportpdf ppt download the answer to this transportation problem lies in the world of electro magnetism and superconducting magnets. Superconducting electric magnets in the vehicle to drift and move the train. Superconducting single or multi domain melt textured ybacuo and gdbco crystals supplied as levitation disks, squares and other shapes with ability to trap magnetic field exhibit strong levitation force. A novel magnetic levitation support method is proposed, which can relieve the perturbation caused by traditional support methods and provide more accurate position control of the capsule. Otherwise, investigations combining superconducting magnetic levitation for stability and magnetmagnet repulsion for increasing the levitation force are in progress. Phenomenological models for the hysteretic levitation force and vertical magnetic stiffness are presented and compared with experimental results on melt grown ceramics, thin films and sintered pellets of yba 2 cu 3 o 7assuming the bean critical state model the levitation force is calculated as resulting from screening currents. Demo of superconducting magnetic levitation train video. Superconducting levitation analysis of a flywheel system using hformulation. The levitation mechanism of superconducting maglev is. Lateral guidance basic principle of maglev trains 8.
239 1352 1189 47 314 1581 1135 1141 254 736 217 1201 182 1513 1344 444 1014 1000 1490 1263 1449 666 1422 48 768 405 1316 1086 857 1513 1255 1218 1441 928 850 1168 1487 322 1285 998